alistic of Mariano Osorio , managing to hold out for two days, until they could break the siege and flee. During the heat of battle, O'Higgins says again that he had coined the phrase months before the battle of El Roble : Or live with honor or die with glory , to the troops. The defeat of the patriots in this battle to produce the Patria Vieja , the emancipatory leaders flee to Argentina and the beginning of the historical period called Reconquista .
The heroic defeat suffered by the patriotic forces in the square of Rancagua, caused the almost total destruction of their homes and the persecution of those who fought in the resistance against the royalist authorities. To honor and perpetuate the memory of these events, the Supreme Director Bernardo O'Higgins, conferred the title of city " very loyal and national"on May 27 of 1818 . The same decree established the shield of the city with the slogan " Rancagua rises from the ashes because immortalized his patriotism . "
Nineteenth Century
Jos� Victorino Lastarria .
The selection of the Cabildo in 1825 , was marked by the confrontation between O'Higginistas and Freiristas . After a series of complications, we conducted the oath of the Constitution that was made with all the formalities, on September 27 of 1828 . Later appointed counsel, to resolve conflicts that occurred in the emerging city. By 1831 , construction began on the mall in north Glen, which opened with a big party in 1834 .
Administratively, Rancagua was head of the Department of Rancagua , part of the Province of Santiago . In 1840 was created the College of Higher Education, which would follow the young graduates of the municipal school existed. In 1842 arose in Chile a great intellectual movement, theLiterary Society, 1842 , which had the main character to Rancag�ino Jose Victorino Lastarria .
In 1883 , establishing the province of O'Higgins , from the eastern sector of the former
