ing Operation Little Saturn, the Ostrogozhsk�Rossosh Offensive, and the Voronezhsko-Kastornenskoy Offensive the Voronezh Front exacted heavy casualties on Axis forces. On January 25, 1943, Voronezh was "liberated" after ten days of combat. During the war the city was almost completely ruined, with 92% of all buildings destroyed.
By 1950, Voronezh was rebuilt. Most buildings and historical monuments were repaired. In 1950-1960, new factories were established: a tire factory, a machine-tool factory, a factory of heavy mechanical press, and others.
Stalin-era headquarters of the South Eastern Railway
A monument to Peter the Great
In 1968, on Voronezh Aviation factory there was established the serial production of supersonic plane Tupolev Tu-144. In October 1977, first domestic wide-body plane, Ilyushin Il-86, was built.
Between 1991 and 2000, the city, high in unemployment, became a part of the Communist-voting region known as Russia's "Red Belt". Today Voronezh is the economic, industrial, cultural, and scientific center of the Central Black Earth Regions
