About 700 years ago, the Mataatua, one of the large M?ori migration canoes which journeyed to New Zealand from Hawaiki, was sailed to the Bay Of Islands (from the Bay of Plenty) by Puhi, a progenitor of the Ng?puhi Iwi (tribe) which today is the largest in the country.M?ori settled and multiplied throughout the bay and on several of its many islands to establish various tribes such as the Ng?ti-Miru atKerikeri. Many notable M?ori were born in the Bay Of Islands, including Hone Heke who several times cut down the flagpole atKororareka (Russell) to start the Flagstaff War.
Many of the M?ori settlements later played important roles in the development of New Zealand, such as Okiato (the nation�s first capital),Waitangi (where the Treaty of Waitangi would later be signed) and Kerikeri, (which was an important departure point for inland M?ori going to sea, and later site of the first permanent mission station in the country). Some of the islands became notable as well, such as Te Pahi Island where 60 of Chief Te Pahi�s people were killed as revenge after he was wrongly accused of being responsible for the Boyd Massacre at Whangaroa.
The first European to visit the area was Captain Cook, who named the region in 1769. The Bay of Islands was the first area in New Zealand to be settled by Europeans. Whalers arrived towards the end of the 18th century, while the first missionaries settled in 1814. The first full-blooded European child recorded as being born in the country, Thomas King, was born in 1815 at Oihi Bay in the Bay of Islands. (There have been unsubstantiated claims that a European girl was born earlier at the Dusky Sound settlement in the South Island).
The bay has many interesting historic towns including Paihia, Russell, Waitangi and Kerikeri. Russell, formerly known as Kororareka, was the first permanent European settlement in New Zealand, and dates from the early 19th century. Kerikeri contains many historic sites from the earliest European
