History of Nis

y the Austrian army, in their campaign against the Turks. The Turks retreated and the Austrians reconstructed the Fortress. However, in that same year, the Turks advanced again, and Niš fell to the Turks without resistance.

Modern

During the First Serbian Uprising, the liberation of Niš was attempted in 1809 when the famous Battle of Čegar took place. After the defeat of Serbian rebel forces, the Turkish commander of Niš ordered that the heads of the killed Serbs were to be mounted on a tower to serve as a warning. The tower is known as the Skull Tower (Ćele Kula). Niš was finally liberated during the Serbo-Turkish War. The battle for the liberation of Niš started on 29 December 1877 and the Serbian Army entered in Niš on 11 January 1878 and Niš became a part of the Serbian state.

In the following years, the city saw rapid development. The city library was founded in 1879, and its first clerk was StevanSremac. The first hotel, Europe, was built in 1879; a