shop Gellért dies at the hands of pagans on present-day Gellért Hill. 1241 Tatar (Mongol) invasions destroy both towns. King Béla IV builds the first royal castle on Castle Hill, Buda in 1248. The new town adopts the name of Buda from the earlier one (present day Óbuda). Pest is surrounded by city walls. 1270 Saint Margaret of Hungary dies in a cloister on the Isle of Rabbits (present day Margaret Island). 1458 The noblemen of Hungary elect Matthias Corvinus (in Latin) or Hunyadi Mátyás (in Hungarian) as king on the ice of the Danube. Under his reign Buda becomes a main hub of European Renaissance. He dies in 1490, after capturing Vienna in 1485. 1541 The beginning of Ottoman occupation. The Turkish Pashas build multiple mosques and baths in Buda. 1602 An unsuccessful assault on Budapest under Feldmarschall Christof Hermann Graf von Rußworm (2 October - 15 November 1602). 1686 Buda and Pest are reconquered from the Turks with Habsburg leadership. Both towns are destroyed completely in the battles. 1690s Resettlement of Hungary, initially only a few hundred German settlers. 1773 Election of the first Mayor of Pest. 1777 Maria Theresa of Austria moves Nagyszombat University to Castle Hill. 1783 Joseph II places the acting government (Helytartótanács) and Magyar Kamara on Buda. 1795 20 May Ignác Martinovics and other Jacobin leaders are executed on Vérmező or 'The Field of Blood'. 1810 A fire in the Tabán district. 1825 Commencement of the Reform Era. Pest becomes the cultural and economic centre of the country. The first National Theatre is built, along with the Hungarian National Museum. 1838 The biggest flood in recent memory in March completely inundates Pest. 1848 15 March Start of the Revolution and War of Independence of 1848-49. Pest replaces Pozsony/Pressburg (Bratislava) as the new capital of Hungary and seat of the Batthyány government and the Parliament. 1849 The Austrians occupy the city in early January, but the Hungarian Honvédsereg (Army
