The name Vladivostok loosely translates from Russian as "Ruler of the East"�a name similar to Vladikavkaz which means "Ruler of the Caucasus". In Chinese, the city was known since the Qing Dynasty as H?ish?nw?i In modern day China, it is known by the transliteration F�l?d�w�s?tu?k� although its historical Chinese name H?ish?nw?i is still often used. The Japanese name of the city is Urajiosutoku a rough transliteration of the Russian originally written in Kanjias and often shortened to Urajio;. In Korean, the name is transliterated as Beulladiboseutokeu in South Korea, Ullajibos?ttokh? in North Korea, and Beullajiboseu-ttokeu by Koreans in China. Moreover, there's the English name of the city Port May which was given in 1856 when English naval ship visited the gulf.
The territory on which modern Vladivostok is located had been part of many states, such as the Mohe, Bohai Kingdom, Goguryeo, J?n Dynasty,Yuan Dynasty, and various other Korean and Chinese dynasties, before Russia acquired the entire Maritime Province and the island of Sakhalin by the Treaty of Beijing (1860). Qing China, which had just lost the Opium War with Britain, was unable to defend the region. The Pacific coast near Vladivostok was settled mainly by the Chinese and Manchus during the Qing Dynasty period. A French whaler visiting the Golden Horn Bay in 1852 discovered Chinese or Manchu village fishermen on its shore. The Manchus banned Han Chinese from most of Manchuria including the Vladivostok area�it was only visited by illegal gatherers of ginseng and sea cucumbers.
On June 20 (July 2 Gregorian style), 1860 the military supply ship Manchur, under the command of Captain-Lieutenant Alexey K. Shefner, called at the Golden Horn Bay to found an outpost called Vladivostok. Warrant officer Nikolay Komarov with 28 soldiers and two non-commissioned officers under his command were brought from Nikolayevsk-on-Amur by ship to construct the
