According to archaeological findings, the first Slavic settlement in the
location of Częstochowa was established in the late 11th century. It was first
mentioned in historical documents from 1220, when Bishop of Kraków Iwo Odrowąż
made a list of properties of the Mstów monastery. Two villages, Częstochowa and
Częstochówka were mentioned in the document. Both of them belonged to the basic
territorial unit of Slavic tribes (opole), with its capital at Mstów.
Częstochówka was located on a hill on which the Jasna Góra Monastery was later
built. In the late 13th century Częstochowa became the seat of a Roman
