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History of Annapolis Royal


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The original French settlement at Port Royal, known as the Habitation at Port-Royal, was settled in 1605 by François Gravé Du Pont, Samuel de Champlain, with and for Pierre Dugua, Sieur de Mons. This site is approximately 10 km (6.2 mi) west of present-day Annapolis Royal at the mouth of the Annapolis Riveron the Annapolis Basin. The first settlement was abandoned after being destroyed by English attackers in 1613.

Scottish settlers, under the auspices of Sir William Alexander, established their settlement, known as Charlesfort in 1629 at the mouth of the Annapolis River (present site of Annapolis Royal). The settlement was abandoned to the French under the terms of the Treaty of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (1632). A second French settlement replaced the Scottish Charlesfort at present-day Annapolis Royal. It was also called Port-Royal and it developed into the capital of the French colony of Acadia. Port-Royal under the French soon became self sufficient and grew modestly for nearly a century, though it was subject to frequent attacks and capture by British military forces or those of its New England colonists, only to be restored each time to French control by subsequent recapture or treaty stipulations. Acadia remained in French hands throughout most of the 17th century
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